Nut and bolt lock.



C. P. MARYE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 19211. Qw., Patented Jan. 2,1917.

' 2 HE l JTNI SATEf PATENT QEFFTCEQ CLIFFORD P. MARYE, OF SOUTH WHITLEY,INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO WILLIAM A. ROSENBAUIVI, TRUSTEE, OFNEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK.

NU'I' AND BOLT LOCK.

Larnaca.

PatentedJa'n. 2, 1917..

Application filed March 24, 1913, Serial No. 756,282. Renewed May 25,1916. Serial No. 99,917.

To all whom z'zf may concern:

Be it known that I, CLIFFORD P. MARYE, a citizen of the United States,residing at South lVhitley, in the county of VVhitley and State ofIndiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Nut andBolt Locks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in nut and bolt locks. of thetype in which the nut and bolt are locked together by the frietionalengagement of the threads-of the cooperating elements, so as to preventunintentional relative movement, and the primary object of the inventionis to provide an improved device of this class in which the threadedportion of one of the elements is tapped or cut from opposite pointslengthwise of the element and in such a manner that the threads will, asthe result of the thread cutting Operation, be normally arrangedpreferably in co-axial sections, so disposed that one of the sections ofthreads which extends from one point of the element will be normally outlof helical alinement with the other section of similar`threads`eXtending from another point of the element and toward the first saidsection of threads, while the thread of the other element is continuousand uniform throughout its length, thereby producing a device having amaximum frictional gripping contact between the threaded surfaces of thenut and the coperating bolt, and which gripping contact is produced bysuch an arrangement of the threads.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new anduseful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features ofnovelty, in substantially the construction, combination and arrangementof the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed andshown in the accomp'anying drawing exemplifying the invention and inwhich- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an improved nut ofthis class constructed in accordance with the principles of thisinvention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a sectional view taken on line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detailsectional view of a modification. Fig. 5 is a view in elevation andpartly broken away, of a bolt Constructed in accordance with theprinciples of this inventlon. F ig. 6 is a view partly in elevation andpartly in section of another form of bolt, Constructed in ac-cordancewith the principles of this invention and having a nut provided with auniform thread,`applied thereto. Fig. 7 is a view taken on line 7-7,Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a detail view in elevation of still another modifiedform of bolt. Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a nut blank showing oneposition of the recess, if the recess is employed. Fig. 10 is asectional view of a nut blank showing another form of recess or groove,if a recess or groove is employed.

In the drawing and in Figs. 1 to 3 and 9 the nut designated generally bythe reference numeral 10 may be of any usual or preferred shape, ahexagonal nut being shown for the purpose of illustration, the threadbeing of any standard shape, to coperate with the thread of the bolt 11,and the thread of the latter is also of any -standard shape throughoutits -lengthi The nut 10 is an ordinary solid nut and is first formed inblank in any usual or desired manner. After the nut blank has beenformed, a recess 12 having a closed bottom, may be formed therein at anydesired point intermediate the faces of the nut. This recess is arrangedso as to communicate with the Opening in the nut, and the recess is ofany desired depth but is preferably shallow so as not to weaken the nut.The blank is then threaded so as to form two sections of threads 13-14,which sections of threads, in the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1and 2 are of the same pitch and terminate adjacent each other. One ofthe sections of threads is ofi'set with respect to the other section ofthreads in a direction lengthwise of the nut and to an eXtent less thanthe thickness of one thread, so that at the point where the inner end ofthe thread in one section meets the inner end of the thread in thesucceeding section, the two ends, if they overlap, will create a slightthickening or thinning of the overlapping portions, as shown at 15, Fig.2, depending upon whether the sections are Offset away from or towardeach other. The recess 12 may be omitted if desired, but when employedis arranged so that it will be disposed adjacent the point where theproximate ends of the threads terminate, and one of the objects of thisrecess is for the purpose of separating the two contiguous ends of thesections of threads. With this improved construction and with thethreads thus cut into the nut it will be manifest that the sections ofthreads are not in helical alinement but are arranged out of register orhelical alinement with respect to each other.

In usethe nut is applied to the bolt 11 in the ordinary manner and asthe threads of the bolt which coperate with this form of nut are uniformand continuous, the nut may be readily applied to the bolt as long asonly one of the thread sections is in engagement with the threads of thebolt. When the extremity of the thread on the bolt engages the othersection of the threads inthe nut, the coperating threads of the nut andbolt will operate upon each other in a manner to force the threads inthe nut into helical alinement. That is to say, the threads on the nutor on the bolt, Whichever is of a harder construction, will deflect theother threads sufliciently to cause the sections of threads to bebrought into helical alinement, and this deflection of the threads willresult in a frictional gripping action between the threads of the boltand the nut, thereby locking the two against accidental relatlvemovement. When it is desired to remove the nut, it can be accomplishedin theordinary manner, that is, by unscrewin the nut with relation tothe bolt, the threa s being of such' a construction that they willreadily yield under force, and will assume their normal position and outof helical alinement by the Operation of the removal of the nut.

The threads of the nut are of such a construction that although they areflexible or ductile, they should be so arranged and cut that by theOperation of applying and removing the nut from the bolt, they will notbe defiected beyond the point of their flexibility to such an extentthat they will become set so that they would not move back to theirnormal positions upon the removal of the nut. This will permit the nutto be again used and will produce the same gripping effect with the boltwhen it is used over again any number of times after having beenremoved.

In the form of the invention shown in i Figs. 4 and 10, the threadsections 16 and 17 in' the nut 10a are cut into the nut in any suitable`manner so that they will be arranged in co-axial sections and so thatthe sections of threads will be normally out of helical alinement, butthe two sections of threads terminate some distance short of each otherthereby causing the thread sections to be spaced from each [otherlengthwise of the nut with the result that an unthreaded portion orspace 18 will be formed adjacent the proximate inner ends of thesections. This space 18 is formed in the blank before the latter isthreaded, so as to separate the threads, and is arranged in such amanner that the proximate extremities of the thread sections Willterminate adjacent the space. With this form of the invention, the space18 may be of any desired size but is of suflicient size that the actionof the bolt threads upon the non-helically alined sections of nutthreads will be to separate the latter or draw them togetheraccording tothe size and shape of the space and the method of cutting the threadsections, and this forcing of the thread sections of the nut, willresult in a frictional gripping action between the cooperating threadsof the nut and bolt.

In Fig. 9 the nut blank 10 is shown with the recess 12 out therein andprepared for the threading or tapping Operation, the formation of therecess 12, if employed being the first step of the Operation, after theblank has been formed.

In Fig. 10 thenut blank 10EL is shown with the recess 18 formed therein,which is done prior to the threading. Operation.

In Fig. 5 there is shown a bolt 19 having its thread similarly arranged.The thread on the bolt 19 is arranged in two sections 20-21, and thesetwo sections of thread are of a uniform pitch and are spaced from eachother in a direction longitudinally of the bolt so that the threadsections while being coaxial will be disposed out of helical alinement,so that when a nut having a uniform and continuous thread therein, isapplied-to the bolt and the thread of the nut has simultaneousengagement with the two sections of threads on the bolt, the latter willbe forced into helical alinement.

In Fig. 6 the bolt 19a is provided with similar thread sections 208--21aand a recess 22 is formed in the bolt between the-proximate ends of thethread sections. This recess 22, if employed, is formed in the boltprior to the threading Operation and may be of any desired size but issuch that it will not weaken the bolt and extends only partiallytherearound.

With the forms of bolt shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the nut 23 used inconnection there- With is provided with a thread 24: which is continuousand uniform throughout its bolt, which coperates therewith is of auniform size and pitch and continuous. In the form of the inventionshown in Figs. 5 and 6, however, the thread of the coperating nut iscontinuous while the thread of the bolt is arranged in sections out ofhelical alinement.

In Fig. 8 the bolt is provided with two co-aXial sections of threads :2526 which are of a uniform size and pitch and are arranged out of'helicalalinement and so as to form an unthreaded space 27 between the proximateends of the thread sections, and which unthreaded space extendscompletely around the bolt. VVith this form of the invention a nutsimilar to the nut 23 is employed, that is, a nut having a continuousand uniform thread therethrough. The recess 12 in the nut, if employed,may be of any desired size and length but is of a size that the nut Willnot be weakened thereby, and the threads are so constructed or cut intothe nut that as a result of the threading or tapping Operation the twosections of threads will be co-axial but. normally out of helicalalinement, thereby obviating the necessity of any distortion or twistingof the body of the nut o-r bolt to produce the nonhelical alinement ofthe thread sections.

The sections of threads in the nut or on the bolt, whichever form of theinvention is employed, may be of any length, when considered inV thedirection lengthwise of the element, so that their proximate ends may beat any point lengthwise of the element according to the length of therespective sections of threads it is desired to produce. In all of theforms of the invention, however, a maximum gripping surface between thethreads is obtained and with these Constructions, as has been stated,there Will be no mutilation of the threads, which mutilation wouldrender one or both of the elements useless after the nut has been onceremoved from the bolt.

Since the threads of the nut or bolt element herein described are formedin a solid body, there can be no bodily movement of the thread sectionswith respect to each other when the device is in action. The onlymovement of the threads that takes place is that due to the springing oryielding of the individual threads as described, the extent of whichdepends upon the eX- tent to which the sections are Originally offsetwith respect to each other. From this it follows that theself-locking-or retaining power of the device can be accurately anduniformly predetermined by no other provision than the offsetting of thethread sections with respect to each other to a given amount. The twooifset sections of thread immediately succeed each other eitherdirectly, by the end of one joining the beginning of the other, orindirectly through an intervening space such as might be aiforded by thegroove 12, so that the retaining friction will be due solely to theofl'setting of the sections and will not be modified by any thirdsection of thread intervening between them.

That is claimed as new is 1. The herein described nut and bolt lockelement having a non-Spring body provided with a plurality of successivethreaded sections, the threads of each of said sections being of uniformpitch throughout, and the pitch of the sections being the same, the saidsections being so arranged that the thread of one section will benormally out of helical alinement with those of the next succeedingsection.

2. The combination of a threaded bolt and a nut coperating therewith,both of which have a non-Spring body, one of the elements having arotatively non-distorted body and being provided with a pluralityofthread sections, the threads of each section being of uniform pitchthroughout, the said sections being contiguous and so arranged withrespect to each other that they will be normally out of helicalalinement, and the other element being provided with a continuous threadof a size and pitch uniform with the said thread sections and adapted tosimultaneously engage the thread sections.

3. The combination of a threaded bolt and a nut coperating therewith,both of which have a non-spring body, one of the elements being providedwith a plurality of immediately successive thread sections, the threadsof each section being of uniform pitch throughout, the said sectionsbeing so arranged with respect to each other that they will be normallyout of helical alinement, there being a non-threaded space between theproximate ends of the thread sections, and the other element beingprovided with a continuous thread of a size and pitch uniform with thesaid thread sections and adapted to simultaneously engage the threadsections.

4. The herein described lock nut having a solid non-Spring threadedbody, the thread being cut in such a manner as to form two immediatelysuccessive sections of threads extending in directions from oppositefaces of the nut toward each other, and so that the thread sections Willbe normally out of helical alinement, the threads of each section beingof the same uniformpitch.

5. The herein described nut and bolt lock element having a non-Springbody provided with a plurality of co-aXial thread sections, the threadsof each of said sections being of uniform pitch throughout, and thepitch of the sections being the same, the said sections immediatelysucceeding each other and being so arranged that the threads of thesections will be normally out of helical alinement with respect to eachother.

6,.The combination of a threaded bolt and a nut coperating therewith,both of which have a non-Spring body, one of the elements being providedWith a plurality of co-aXial thread sections, the threads of eachsection being of uniform pitch throughout, the said sections immediatelysucceeding each other and being so arranged with respect to each otherthat the threads of said sections will be normally out of helicalalinement, and the other element being provided with a continuous threadof a size and pitch uniform with the said thread sections and adapted tosimultaneously engage the thread sections.

7. The combination of a threaded bolt and a nut coperating therewith,both of which have a non-Spring body, one of the elements being providedwith a plurality of co-axial thread sections, the threads of eachsection being of uniform pitch throughout, the said sections immediatelysucceeding each other and being so arranged with respect to each otherthat the threads of said sections will be normally out of helicalalinement, there being a non-threaded space between the proximate endsof the thread sections, and the other element being provided with acontinuous thread of a size and pitch uniform with the' said threadsections and -adapted to simultaneously engage the thread sections.

8. The herein described lock nut having a solid non-Spring threadedbody, the thread being cut in such a manner as to form two co-aXialsections of threads immediately succeeding each other and eXtending indirections from opposite faces of the nut toward each other, and so thatthe thread sections will be normally out of helical alinement, thethreads of each section being of the same uniform pitch.

9. A nut or bolt lock element having a substantially unyielding body andprovided with a plurality of threaded sections, the thread of eachsection being of uniform pitch throughout, the sectionshaving like pitchof thread, and the thread in one section being displaced relatively tothe thread in the other section in a direction along the axis of the nutor bolt element, to the extent that the threaded sections are out ofhelical alinement with respect to each other.

10. A nut or bolt lock element having a substantially unyielding bodyand provided with a plurality of threaded sections, the thread of eachsection being of uniform pitch throughout, the sections having likepitch of thread, and the thread in one sec-` tion being displacedrelatively to the thread. in the other section in a direction along theaxis of the nut or bolt element, to render the threaded sections out ofhelical alinement with respect to each other, said sections contiguousto each other.

11. The herein described threaded nut or bolt lock element, having athread of uniform pitch throughout, said thread being arranged insections which are bodily immovable with respect to each other, and saidsections being slightly displaced one relatively to the other in thedirection of the axis of the element.

12. The herein described nut' and bolt v lock element having anon-Spring body provided with a. plurality of threaded sections, saidsections immediately succeeding each other, the threads of all of saidsections being of uniform pitch throughout and so arranged that thethreads of the sections will be normally out of helical alinement withrespect to each other. i

18. The herein described nut and bolt lock element having a non-Springbody provided with a plurality of threaded sections of uniform pitchthroughout and arranged with one threaded section out of helicalalinement with the adjacent section; said sections immediatelysucceeding each other.

11. A nut or bolt lock element having a. pair of threaded sections, thethreads throughout the entire nut being of the same character as topitch, form and size, but one section being offset in an axial directionwith respect to the other to the extent that its thread is out ofhelical alinement with the threads of thelatter and the two sectionsbeing bodily immovable with respect to eachl other.

15. A nut or bolt lock element having two threaded sections succeedingeach other. one section being bodily ofl'set in an axial direction withrespect to the other to the extent that its thread is out of helicalalinement with the thread of the other and the two sections being bodilyimmovable wit'r. respect to each other.

16. The combination of nut and bolt members one of which has a uniformthread throughout while the other has two sections of thread succeedingeach other, either of which will fit the thread on the first mentionedmember b'ut whose sections are displaced in an axial direction withrespect to each other to the extent that the thread of one section isout of helical alinement with the thread of the other.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 21st day of March A. D.1913.

CLIFFORD P. MARYE. lVitnesses:

FLORENCE E. SoiIUL'rz, JosErI-IINE HoLQUIsT.

